Unraveling the EHV Outbreak: Expert Insights and Common Misconceptions
A recent equine herpesvirus (EHV) outbreak has sparked concern among horse owners, but what’s the real story behind the headlines? Let’s delve into the facts and address some frequently asked questions to separate truth from fiction.
What’s the latest on the November 2025 EHV Outbreak?
The Equine Disease Communication Center (EDCC) has confirmed cases of EHV-1 and its neurological form, equine herpes myeloencephalopathy (EHM), in seven states as of Nov. 22. While this may sound alarming, veterinary experts assure us that EHV is a well-understood virus, and they have the knowledge to manage it effectively. We consulted with Dr. Ben Buchanan, a renowned equine veterinarian, to shed light on this outbreak and dispel common myths.
But here’s where it gets controversial…
How widespread is the outbreak, and what are the numbers?
Dr. Buchanan explains that the EDCC provides overall case numbers, but there might be a delay in reporting. The Texas Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory also tracks positive cases in the state. Approximately 1,000 horses attended the Waco show, with two-thirds from Texas. Some of these horses later attended other events, potentially exposing more animals. However, rumors of 25+ equine deaths and 200+ exposed horses are exaggerated.
How does EHV spread, and what’s unique about this outbreak?
EHV spreads through a horse’s mucus droplets, which can contaminate shared items like lead ropes and bits, water sources, and even humans who interact with infected horses. In ideal conditions, EHV can survive up to two weeks in water and two days in the environment. But here’s a twist: EHV is typically shed in fall, winter, and spring, which aligns with the timing of this outbreak.
What biosecurity measures should barns implement?
Owners should focus on limiting mucus spread between horses. Keep a distance of 30 feet, or ideally 60 feet, between your horse and unknown horses. Avoid sharing equipment and practice good hygiene, including frequent handwashing. Authorities recommend a 21-28 day quarantine, allowing the virus to complete one life cycle. Testing is crucial to confirm infection.
And this is the part most people miss: The Texas state hold on horses from the WPRA event in Waco will be lifted on Dec. 2 unless more horses develop symptoms, which could extend the timeline.
Is this a new, more dangerous strain of EHV?
Controversy alert: Dr. Buchanan clarifies that this EHV-1 strain is not new or more lethal. There are nine known equine herpesviruses, and EHV-1 has various strains with minor differences. All EHV-1 strains can cause respiratory, neurological, and reproductive issues. The timing of the outbreak aligns with typical EHV shedding patterns.
What’s causing the panic, and what does science say?
Online panic is spreading, but veterinarians emphasize that EHV epidemiology is well-understood. Following their guidelines is crucial for horse safety. Interestingly, few horses die from EHV. In a 2011 outbreak, over 400 exposed horses had EHV, but only 13 died. Vaccination significantly reduces the risk and severity of infection.
How can barns maintain operations while limiting spread?
Isolate sick horses and avoid mixing exposed and non-exposed horses, including their equipment and water. Implement strict biosecurity measures and monitor rectal temperatures regularly.
How long until the outbreak is contained, and what are the signs?
Containment decisions are made at the state level by regulatory veterinarians. The 21-day hold helps gather data on the outbreak’s reach. Vets watch for reduced cases and the absence of new infections to declare it contained.
Final advice for anxious horse owners?
Monitor your horse daily and take temperatures frequently. Testing is usually unnecessary unless your horse shows symptoms or has been exposed. In such cases, quarantine and consult your veterinarian.
What are your thoughts on the EHV outbreak? Do you think the response from authorities and veterinarians has been adequate? Share your opinions and experiences in the comments below, and let’s keep the conversation going!